A trip to Gandikota doesn’t end without visiting India’s second longest caves called Belum Caves. We spent our Saturday evening in Gandikota and started around 9 am from there the next day, to visit the Belum Caves. It is around 310 kms from both Bangalore and Hyderabad. The cave opens for general public around 10.30 am and it’s usually crowded during the weekends. Belum caves is an interesting place for anyone interested in archeology and history.
Petrichor accompanied me once I entered the caves
Entry fee: Rs.50/-
Belum Caves mapInstructions before entering the Caves
Fascinating facts of the Caves
The caves were first noticed in 1880s when it was British India and around 100 years after that a group of German Archeologists headed by Herbert Daniel Gebauer explored the caves, which went on for about 2 years. The cave had remnants of 4500BC, and it was a river cave system formed over thousands of years by the constant flow of underground water from the now-disappeared river called Chitravati. It was also found that the caves were occupied by Buddhist and Jain monks around 1000 years ago. Few artifacts found in the caves during the cave exploration are now kept at the museum in Ananthapur.
Belum Caves entranceThe top view once entered inside the cavesA good place for meditation when there isn’t crowd
The cave reaches its deepest point at a place called Paatalaganga(literally translating to underground ganga) which is a perennial stream that disappears into the depths of Earth.
The Unique Experience at the Caves
It started with us climbing down the stairs to enter the caves. I was able to sense the smell of petrichor once we entered the caves. There were several pathways with interesting patterns of water streams on limestone which will leave you captivated. The then flowing water had carved the caves beautifully. The river cave system fascinated me so much that I felt the need of being able to time travel to see how the structure was formed.
How beautifully has the then flowing water carved these caves!
Maintenance of the Belum caves
The caves are well maintained by the Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (APTDC). The caves can easily get hot and humid, so there are vents even at the lowest of points in the caves. There are also colorful lights inside the caves which might make you wonder if you are on film sets.
Colorful lightsVents inside the caves
Carrying water bottles becomes a must when you are caving. If you carry any kind of food, you will be asked to keep it outside before entering the caves. The cave length is supposed to be around 3kms, but general public can visit only till 1.5 kms of it. There is also a Buddha statue that you can visit within the Belum caves premises.
Before entering one of the pathways
Now, tell me how exciting can visiting Belum Caves be? 🙂
In the excitement of visiting the Grand Canyon of India we woke up at 5 am on a Saturday morning and started our 290 kms drive from Bangalore to Gandikota. I wouldn’t say that it was an interesting drive, it was rather dry and there weren’t many places on the way to our destination to stop by and relax. We reached Gandikota around 11 am.
What is at Gandikota?
Gandikota is a small village in the Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh known for its fantabulous gorge (‘gandi‘ in Telugu) formed by the Erramala range of hills and the green and gorgeous Penne river flowing at its foot.
Penne River Valley’s front viewPenne River Valley’s back view
How was the Gandikota fort and what is in there to see?
The ‘fort’ (‘kota‘ in Telugu) at Gandikota was calm and I saw people going and coming out of it carrying water on bikes, not inquisitive about the strangers viewing the fort with awe and clicking crazy pictures. There were boards like below which showed what is there to see at the fort but there weren’t any information boards telling us the history of the fort.
Information board for the places within the fort premisesMap on Gandikota Fort and BuildingsThe entrance of the Gandikota fort
Next to the space where tents are places if we walk for a km, we will be able to find a small waterfall. We must follow the white line next to the AC tent area to get to the destination.
The small waterfalls near the gorgeA closer look of the waterfalls in Gandikota
When I visited Gandikota I was told that boating is stopped but you can try asking the hotels there if they have reopened the services.
Short History from Wikipedia
Gandikota area was first identified and made Sand fort in 1123 A.D by Kaka Raja of nearby Bommanapalle village and a subordinate of Ahavamalla Someswara I,Kalyani Chalukyaruler. Later it came under the rule ofKakatiyadynasty from 1239 A.D to 1304 A.D and ruled by their various subordinates. It was then captured by theTughlaq dynastyand was under their rule till 1343 A.D. Gandikota became the capital ofPemmasani Nayakaswho ruled the fort and Gandikota region for more than 300 years. In 1652 A.D Pemmasani Timma Nayaka lost Gandikota battle with the attack of Mir Jumla, military general ofQutab shahidynasty. Gandikota then came under the power ofGolcondasultanate and Timma Nayaka became their feudatory king. After the short ruling of Abdul Nawab Khan, ruler of Kadapait became the part of British India.[wiki]
Juma MosqueInside the mosqueMadhavaraya Temple GopuramInside Madhavaraya Temple
Food and Stay at Gandikota
There are several shops near the entrance of the fort that offer food, 3 people tents for rent and restroom facilities. All these 3 come together as if you have bought it as a package. I had gone in a caravan, so we had tents with us in the caravan, so restrooms became an issue for us on the next day morning because we didn’t rent tents in any shop to use their restroom.
We had our food here and used their washrooms.
If you take your own tents, then you might have to pay for using the restrooms built in Gandikota and I can’t guarantee that it will be super clean. You will also be noticing that every tent provider will serve dinner near their tent area, facing the gorge. Tent cost: 3 person tents ranging Rs.800 – Rs.1000 (with dinner)
Tents in Gandikota facing the gorgeFood in the night was served in the table near the tents in that area
There were also AC tents in a gated space next to where the rest of the tents were. Private AC tents cost: Rs.2,200
The next day morning we refreshed at Paradise Hotel near the fort entrance and had breakfast. Following that we set our drive to the Belum Caves. You can’t resist to stop and click pictures in the sunflower fields that you will be finding on the way to the Belum caves from Gandikota.
Sunflower fields on the way to Belum caves from Gandikota
If you feel like going on a drive from Bangalore and see something magnificent then why not Gandikota? The best time for it would be Nov – Jan.
Engulfed in the beauty of the gorge
Experiencing the majestic gorge and soaking into the thoughts of a fascinating river cave system brings more fun.
Kerala is celebrated as one of South India’s most beautiful destinations, with Varkala recognized as a top offbeat attraction boasting stunning beaches, dramatic cliffs, tranquil sunsets, and lush greenery. For an October getaway, Varkala stands out for its scenic coastal charm and relaxed atmosphere.
Why visit Varkala in October?
Varkala is ideal to visit from October to March when the weather is pleasant, dry, and perfect for beach activities, cliff walks, and sightseeing.
The town is renowned for its Varkala Cliff, unique geological formations, and panoramic views of the Arabian Sea.
Visitors can enjoy Papanasam Beach, explore local temples, sample fresh seafood, and embrace Kerala’s bohemian vibe
How to reach Varkala
Train
Board the Kochuveli Express from Krishnarajapuram Railway Station, Bangalore, to Kollam (14-hour journey); frequent local trains run from Kollam to Varkala, taking around 25 minutes.
Ticket costs:
Bangalore to Kollam (AC 3 Tier): Rs. 1100+
Kollam to Varkala: Rs. 30
Bus
There are many private buses plying between Varkala and Bangalore. The cost is between Rs.2000 – Rs.2500 one way. KSRTC Airavat and sleeper buses are also available to Varkala from Bangalore.
Local Commute Tips
Upon arrival, autos are available to commute within Varkala; fares from the railway station to the cliffs typically range around Rs. 100, but auto drivers may charge a premium due to tourism demand.
The best way to explore Varkala is by renting a two-wheeler, which provides flexibility and comfort for visiting beaches, cafes, and local attractions.
Budget accommodations, cliffside hotels, and unique stays are plentiful and cater to every traveler, from solo visitors to families.
Varkala – First Impression
Varkala, Kerala is famed for its breathtaking cliffs and serene beaches, making it a sought-after coastal destination on the Arabian Sea. Arriving at Varkala Railway Station, the aroma of traditional South Indian breakfast—idli, dosa, and sambhar—welcomes travelers before heading out to the town’s scenic North Cliff and Papanasam Beach.
The excited me waiting to explore Varkala
Varkala Cliff Experience
The Varkala Cliff is a unique geo-heritage site adjacent to the Arabian Sea, offering panoramic ocean views, a lively flea market, and a range of restaurants along the coastline.
North Cliff features top eateries like Rock N Roll Cafe, Sea Queen, and Gods Own Country Kitchen, where continental, Indian, and seafood specialties are served at moderate to high prices.
Papanasam Beach, located just steps from the cliff, is popular for its rejuvenating atmosphere and sacred springs.
Exploring Anjengo Town & Lighthouse
Anjengo lies 12–14 km from Varkala and boasts a 130-foot lighthouse with captivating views of the Arabian Sea, backwaters, and the historical Anjengo Fort, built by the British East India Company.
The lighthouse welcomes visitors from 3–5 pm; entry is around Rs.30, and climbing around 180–200 steps offers an epic coastal panorama.
Renting a two-wheeler (approx. Rs. 300/24 hrs) is the most efficient way to travel locally, especially since rickshaws can be expensive or hard to find outside main areas.
View from the Anjengo lighthouse
Visiting hours: 3-5 pm Entry fee: Rs.30
Some historical info: Next to the lighthouse you can find the Anjengo Fort established by the British East India Company. The fort served as the first signaling station for the ships arriving from England.
The entrance to the Anjengo fort
Sunset at Kappil Beach
The west coast of India, especially Kappil Beach, is known for spectacular sunsets and tranquil evenings. Kappil is located 6 km from Varkala town and features picturesque views of Edava Lake and untouched golden sands.
Visitors can stroll along a narrow strip separating the lake from the sea, enjoy peaceful nature photography, and relax away from busy tourist crowds.
Early mornings or golden hour are ideal for birdwatching or capturing the coastline’s natural beauty.
Sunset
Sivagiri Mutt – Varkala
Sivagiri Mutt in Varkala is a revered pilgrimage site known for its tranquil ambiance and the legacy of Sree Narayana Guru, who built a hermitage atop Sivagiri hill for spiritual practice and social reform. The Saraswathi temple sits at the foothills, while the Guru’s Samadhi on top is open to visitors until 7:30 pm, making it an ideal spot for meditation and reflection.
Points to note before visiting the Mutt:
The mutt is surrounded by lush greenery and features educational facilities established by Sree Narayana Guru, including an elementary and night school for marginalized communities.
Dress conservatively and consider attending prayer sessions for a deeper cultural experience.
The serene environment and inclusive philosophy welcome travelers and spiritual seekers year-round, with significant events held in August, September, and the annual pilgrimage at the end of December.
Jatayu Earth’s Centre – Guinness World Record Attraction
Located 27 km from Varkala in Kollam district, Jatayu Earth’s Centre boasts the world’s largest functional bird sculpture, recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records.
The center offers adventure activities, scenic views, and is open from 10 am to 9 pm.
Commute options include renting a two-wheeler for convenience, or taking a bus to Paripally, transferring to Chadayamangalam, followed by a jeep ride to Jatayu; there is no direct train route from Varkala.
Timings: 10 am – 9pm
Statue of Women Safety and Honour
Varkala Aquarium Visit
Situated near Thiruvambadi Beach, Varkala Aquarium is a popular destination for learning about aquatic biodiversity, featuring indigenous and exotic fish in a three-story spiral building.
Timings are 10 am–6:30 pm; entry fee is Rs. 30 per person.
The aquarium offers educational exhibits for children but some visitors note concerns about limited space for larger species.
Timings: 9.30 am – 6.30 pm Entry fee: Rs.30
Variety of fishes
Food & Local Cuisine
Varkala features many small and affordable restaurants where one can savor Kerala delicacies such as Idiyappam, Appam, Puttu, and Kadala curry, all at minimal cost.
Romantic Dinners on the Varkala Cliff
Most cliff restaurants in Varkala, like Trattorias, Claffouti, and Cafe Italiano, are known for sea-facing tables, cozy ambiance, and candlelight settings.
Trattorias specializes in multi-cuisine dishes, including Italian, Thai, and fresh seafood, garnering praise for its friendly staff and relaxed cliffside atmosphere.
Evening dining here is accompanied by the soothing sounds of the Arabian Sea, elevating the overall experience.
Morning Walk to Janardhana Swamy Temple
Early mornings in Varkala are ideal for beach walks and temple visits. The 2000-year-old Janardhana Swamy Temple, an architectural marvel and major pilgrimage site, is just 2 km from the cliff. The temple features a serene setting overlooking Papanasam Beach, blending spirituality with coastal charm.
Note: Visitors should wear traditional, modest attire covering arms and legs, as short clothes are discouraged out of respect for temple customs.
2000 years old temple
Surfing in Varkala
Varkala is a premier destination for water sports enthusiasts, especially those interested in learning and practicing surfing. The cliffside beach hosts numerous surf schools with experienced instructors who provide safe, beginner-friendly lessons, making it the perfect spot even for non-swimmers eager to challenge themselves. Whether a novice or looking to improve skills, Varkala surfing offers an exciting adventure against the stunning backdrop of Kerala’s coastline. Give surfing in Varkala a try for an unforgettable water sports experience!
Bye Varkala: Continuing the Adventure
Departing Varkala by train to Kollam is convenient, and a KSRTC bus is a popular onward route to Bangalore.
With extra time in Kollam, the Thangassery Lighthouse, open daily except Monday, 10 am–1 pm and 2 pm–6 pm, offers panoramic coastal views and fascinating colonial history.
Thangassery is one of Kerala’s tallest lighthouses, painted in red and white, surrounded by ruins of colonial churches and forts, making it a must-see for history and photography enthusiasts.
Varkala: A Top Kerala Destination
Known for dramatic cliffs, pristine beaches, spiritual temples, and vibrant restaurant scenes, Varkala stands out as one of the most beautiful and best places to visit in Kerala.
Whether planning romantic escapes, spiritual journeys, or scenic beach adventures, this travel guide ensures an unforgettable Varkala experience.
